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 中国独特概念词英文表达法 
1.中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)  
 
国庆节 National Day  
 
中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival  
 
春节 Spring Festival  
 
元宵节 Lantern Festival  
 
儿童节 Children’s Day  
 
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival  
 
妇女节 Women’s Day  
 
泼水节 Water-Splashing Day  
 
教师节 Teachers’ Day  
 
五四青年节 Youth Day  
2.中国意念词(Chinesenesses)  
 
八卦 trigram  
 
阴、的阳 yin, yang  
 
道 Dao(cf. logo)  
 
江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)  
 
e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖,身不由己)  
 
道 Daoism(Taoism)  
 
上火 excessive internal heat  
 
儒学 Confucianism  
 
红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology  
 
世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia  
 
开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)  
 
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done  
 
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded  
 
不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …  
3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)  
 
馄饨 wonton  
 
锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)  
 
花卷 steamed twisted rolls  
 
套餐 set meal  
 
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away  
 
米豆腐 rice tofu  
 
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu  
 
米粉 rice noodles  
 
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)  
 
火锅 chafing dish  
 
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding  
 
粉丝 glass noodles  
 
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd  
4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)  
 
中国电信 China Telecom  
 
中国移动 China Mobile  
 
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan  
 
中国电脑联网 Chinanet  
 
三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project  
 
希望工程 Project Hope  
 
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway  
 
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project  
 
菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project  
 
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project  
 
安居工程 Economy Housing Project  
 
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign  
 
西部大开发 Go-West Campaign 
5 、特有的一些汉语词汇  
 
 
禅宗 Zen Buddhism  
 
禅 dhyana; dhgaya  
 
混沌 chaos  
 
道 Daosim, the way and its power  
 
四谛 Four Noble Truth  
 
八正道 Eightfold Path  
 
无常 anity  
 
五行说 Theory of Five Elements  
 
无我 anatman  
 
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation  
 
空 sunyata  
 
虚无 nothingness  
 
双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英)  
 
小品 witty skits  
 
相声 cross-talk  
 
噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt  
 
夜猫子 night people; night-owls  
 
本命年 this animal year of sb.  
 
处世之道 philosophy of life  
 
姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)  
 
还愿 redeem a wish (vows) 
6 、具有文化特色的现代表述  
 
大陆中国 Mainland China  
 
红宝书 little red book  
 
红色中国 socialist China  
 
四化 Four Modernizations  
 
终生职业 job-for-life  
 
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl  
 
大锅饭 communal pot  
 
关系户 closely-related units  
 
外出打工人员 migrant workers  
 
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild  
 
五讲(讲文明、的讲礼貌、的讲卫生、的讲秩序、的讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals  
 
四美(心灵美、的语言美、的行为美、的环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 
7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)  
 
宣纸 rice paper  
 
衙门 yamen  
 
叩头 kowtow  
 
孔子Confucius  
 
牌楼 pailou;pai-loo  
 
武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)  
 
功夫 kungfu ;kung fu  
 
中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)  
 
中和 harmony (zhonghe)  
 
孝顺 to show filial obedience  
 
孝子 dutiful son  
 
家长 family head  
 
三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife  
 
五常:仁、的义、的理、的智、的信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity  
 
八股文 eight-legged essays  
 
多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness  
 
养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age 
8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译  
 
基层监督 grass-roots supervision  
 
基础税率 base tariff level  
 
婚介所 matrimonial agency  
 
婚外恋 extramarital love  
 
婚纱摄影 bride photo  
 
黑心棉 shoddy cotton  
 
机器阅卷 machine scoring  
 
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery  
 
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development  
 
价格听证会 public price hearings  
 
甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team  
 
家政服务 household management service  
 
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion  
 
假帐 accounting fraud  
 
叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel  
 
矫情 use lame arguments  
 
渐进式** gradual Taiwan independence  
 
借调 temporarily transfer  
 
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group  
 
扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 
合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people  
 
乱摊派,乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge  
 
铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post  
 
脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty  
 
治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline |   
 
 
 
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