考研英语文章必背

毕业纪念表

01 The Language of Music

A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see

it. A composer writes a work, but no
one can hear it until it is performed.

Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the

composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and

as arduous a training to become a
performer as a medical student needs to

become a doctor. Most
training is
concerned with
technique, for

musicians
have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet

dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as
their vocal chords would

be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice

moving the
fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to

and fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.

Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in

tune. Pianists are spared this
particular anxiety, for the notes are

already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility

to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the

hammers
that
hit
the
strings
have
to
be
coaxed
not
to
sound

like
percussion,
and
each overlapping tone has to sound clear.

This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student

conductors: they have to learn to know every
note of the music
and how it

should sound,
and they
have to aim at controlling these sounds with

fanatical but
selfless authority.

Technique is of no
use
unless it is
combined with musical knowledge

and understanding. Great artists are those who
are so thoroughly at home in

the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any

century.

01
音乐的语言

画家将已完成的作品挂在墙上，每个人都可以观赏到。  作曲家写完了一部作品，得由

演奏者将其演奏出来，其他人才能得以欣赏。因为作曲家是如此完全地依赖于职业歌手和职 业演奏者，所以职业歌手和职业演奏者肩上的担子可谓不轻。

一名学音乐的学生要想成为 一名演奏者，需要经受长期的、严格的训练，就象一名医科的学生要成为一名医生一样。 绝 大多数的训练是技巧性的。

音乐家们控制肌肉的熟练程度，必须达到与运动员或巴蕾舞演 员相当的水平。  歌手们每天都练习吊嗓子，因为如果不能有效地控制肌肉的话，他们的声

带将不能满足演唱的要求。  弦乐器的演奏者练习的则是在左手的手指上下滑动的同时，用

右手前后拉动琴弓--两个截然不同的动作。歌手和乐器演奏者必须使所有的音符完全相同协 调。 钢琴家们则不用操这份心，因为每个音符都已在那里等待着他们了。

给钢琴调音是调 音师的职责。 但调音师们也有他们的难处： 他们必须耐心地调理敲击琴弦的音锤，不能让

音锤发出的声音象是打击乐器，而且每个交叠的音都必须要清晰。如何得到乐章清晰的纹理

是学生指挥们所面临的难题：他们必须学会了解音乐中的每一个音及其发音之道。  他们还

必须致力于以热忱而又客观的权威去控制这些音符。除非是和音乐方面的知识和悟性结合起
来，单纯的技巧没有任何用处。

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